The River Ganga is one of India’s most important natural systems, supporting millions of people and holding immense ecological and cultural significance. Rapid urbanisation along its banks and inadequate sewerage infrastructure led to large volumes of untreated wastewater entering the river at multiple locations which degraded water quality, affected aquatic ecosystems and posed serious public health risks. The project was undertaken to address these challenges through systematic interception, treatment and management of urban wastewater. Existing sewer networks and natural drains were assessed to identify pollution hotspots and optimal interception points, after which interceptor sewers, diversion systems, pumping stations and sewage treatment facilities were planned to capture wastewater upstream and convey it for treatment under controlled conditions. Systems were designed to handle variable flows arising from seasonal fluctuations and long-term urban growth.

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